Mongolian Nomadic Society by Bat-Ochir Bold;

Author:Bat-Ochir Bold; [Bold, Bat-Ochir]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781136824807
Publisher: Taylor & Francis (Unlimited)
Published: 2022-06-15T00:00:00+00:00

Otog

The word otog was used in ancient Turkish, Sogdian and Mongolian for homeland, home, hearth and family. Otog was probably initially a rarely used foreign word to describe family relations and then later came to be used to designate an administrative unit. It is however clear that the groups of ten thousand were divided not only into aimags but also into otogs. It can be inferred from sources such as Altan tobchi (Lu), Erdeni-yin tobchi, Khalkha-yin üyisen nom Cagaz, Khalkha Jirum and the ‘Mongol-Oirat Regulations of 1640’, that this expression came to be used frequently only in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. In the SHM and the ‘Collection of Histories’ the word otog does not appear, which implies that before the Yuan dynasty it was not used to designate an administrative unit. From information contained in the sources the following can be ascertained:

An otog consisted of ail groups that were related to one another, family relations, however, not being the decisive criterion for the union.

An otog was a unit that was obliged to mobilise a definite number of warriors and to collect taxes (Zamcarano 1959: 50).

An otog was at the same time a quasi-administrative unit (‘Mongol-Oirat Regulations of 1640’, articles: 122, 125).

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